Swiss Chard Soup

Last year I grew swiss chard in the vegetable patch. It did remarkably well and we've been used it as a substitute for spinach, which worked very well. Here is a picture my husband took the last year. 

What I love about the swiss chard is that it matches our house really well, with it's red stalks and green leaves. Maybe I will change the paint in my living room to match it (just joking!). We've tried all kinds of things like eating it as a salad, making what Germans call Rahmspinat, in fried rice, with noodles, in cutlets and in patties. 

Preparation time: 30 minutes; makes 1 litre

Ingredients:

1 medium	Onion
2 tbsp.	Oil
2 cloves	Garlic
500g	Swiss chard
1 L	Milk
1.5 tbsp.	Flour
1/3	Vegtable cube (Knorr)
	Salt and pepper

Method:

Making this soup is really easy. Start by chopping your onions. They can be chopped any way you like because you will blend your soup at the end. Heat a saucepan on medium high heat. When the pan is hot add the oil and then the onions. 

A note here, if you use a stick to blend your soup don't make your soup in a non-stick pan, because your stick will damage the teflon coating. 

While the onions are frying coarsely chop the garlic and add it to the pan. You should stir the onions every now and then to prevent them from burning. While everything is cooking chop your Swiss chard roughly. 

You should chop the stems a bit finer than the leaves. I chopped them in 1 cm pieces. 

Then add the leaves to the pan and stir. Put the lid on the pan and let it cook until the leaves have wilted. You will notice because you'll have a whole lot less of leaves in your pan!

Remove the lid and sprinkle 1.5 tbsp. of flour over the leaves. Stir the flour in and keep stirring until all the flour is incorporated and cook for another minute so that the flour gets cooked. Next add the milk, salt, pepper and vegetable cube. I use a Knorr cube, which is huge so I used about a third. You don't want to add stock to your soup. I don't actually know why, but the only definite piece of advice my mother gave me to making this soup is "do not put any water in it". 

Heat everything through and then puree your soup. The quickest and easiest way to do this is to use a stick blender. If you have a metal one you can just stick it directly into your saucepan and puree the mixture. If you do this be very careful. Make sure that your blade is fully immersed all the time and start out on your lowest speed. Any mistakes here will result in hot soup flying all over your kitchen and possibly all over you. A safer way to do this would be to cool down the soup and then puree it. If you are transferring the soup to a liquidiser you should definitely cool the soup down before liquidising it. 

Once pureed reheat and serve hot. 

Burritos with re-fried beans

My kids love burritos, but only if they can have guacamole with them. In San Francisco it was easy enough. Just trot down the road to any old Mexican restaurant and buy some. Things are not as simple here in Germany. Yes we do have Mexican restaurants but we have not yet been able to find a good one. We have tried. The best one is run by a Sri Lankan and the food tastes like you would expect Mexican food in Sri Lanka to taste like!

Of course you could just eat it without the wrap!

So there is no choice but to make everything from scratch. At least I have found places to buy the tortillas because making them is a pain in the .... Salsa and guacamole taste really bad here in DE, so we have to make that from scratch. As a result we only make this when the tomatoes are red and ripe and the avocados are on sale.

Here is what you need to put together a burrito:

• Tortilla wraps
• Re-fried beans
• Guacamole
• Salsa
• Sour cream
• Grated cheddar cheese

Optional

• Mexican rice
• Grated iceberg salad

And of course tortilla chips on the side. 

Refried beans sprinkled with cheese

Chunky salsa

Vegetable skewers

These skewers are another product of trying to use up the leftover vegetables in the fridge. They turned out really well and are perfect for a BBQ. But even if the weather is freezing you can fix them in an oven.

Ingredients:

1	Sweet potato, large
4	Potato, medium
2-3	Beetroots, boiled
500g	Broccoli
	Olive oil
1 tsp.	Garlic paste
1/4 tsp.	Roasted curry powder

1/4 tsp.	Chili flakes
	Salt and pepper
20	Bamboo skewers

Method:

Fill a basin with cold water and allow your skewers to soak. This will prevent them from catching fire when you put them on the grill or in the oven. 

Put the fan oven on at 200 C (220C convection oven).

Peel the potatoes and cut into 2 cm dice. I made 20 such cubes. Each of the vegetables is going to have a different taste, thus you'll need two roasting dishes. One for the regular potato and one for the sweet one. You can't really just grill the potatoes on the skewers, that would take forever and the other vegetables would be over cooked. So I pre-baked them. I did this in the oven. The sweet potato I tossed in olive oil (less than 1 tablespoon), salt and the chilli flakes. The regular potato I tossed in olive oil, garlic paste (make it fresh) and salt. Put the potatoes in a baking dish and bake until just tender. You should be able to get a fork about halfway through. If you want to do this on a BBQ just wrap the cut and marinaded potatoes in foil and grill them.

If you use fresh beetroot you'll have to boil them until they are barely cooked. If you live in Germany you can buy precooked ones in the store. This will save you a lot of time, however, the quality of the beets may note be great. I always buy organic ones from Lidl. I've tried other ones but they don't taste good. 

Cut your beet into 2 cm dice, drizzle with olive oil and sprinkle with salt and roasted curry powder.

Wash your broccoli and cut into 20 pieces. Again drizzle with olive oil and sprinkle with salt and pepper. 

Once all the vegetables are ready skewer them and grill them for about 5 minutes. After this time some of the surfaces will start to burn giving it a nice "grilled" look. Then turn off the grill and put on the oven and leave for another 5 minutes or so. Just enough so that the broccoli is tender.

We found the broccoli a bit dry. That would have not been an issue if I hadn't forgotten to make a the dipping sauce! You can find the recipe here. Another nice accompaniment would be sauce hollandaise. 

Mini Grilled Eggplant

When I saw these mini eggplants in the store I just had to buy them. I had no idea what I would do with them! The shop owner said that usually people cooked them with walnuts. I'm guessing that is a mediterranean way of cooking them. I searched the web but couldn't find anything that hit the spot, so I went out on a limb and created my own recipe.

Preparation time: 1.25 hours; serves 4 as a main dish

Ingredients:

1 kg	Eggplant (about 16 fruit)
1/2 - 1 tbsp.	Salt
3 tbsp.	Oil
1/4 tsp.	Turmeric powder
1/4 tsp.	Chilli flakes
1/2 tsp.	Ground cumin
	Black pepper, freshly ground
Ingredients for sauce
1/2 cup	Coconut cream
1 tbsp.	Miso paste
1/2 tsp.	Dark soya sauce
1/4 tsp.	Chilli powder
A few mint leaves finely chopped, to garnish Method:

Wash the eggplant and slice lengthwise down the middle. Leave the stem on so that the fruit stays together. It also makes it look pretty and gives you something to grab the fruit by once it is cooked and soft.

Place the eggplant cut side up on a baking sheet and sprinkle with salt. Leave them to stand for at least 20 minutes, but no more than 1 hour. You should see beads of moisture form on the top of the eggplant.

While the salt is drawing out the water from the eggplant you can set about making the sauce. It's a really simple sauce to make, but it's full of punch. Simply put all ingredients in a small saucepan, put it on medium heat and stir to combine all the ingredients. I don't know if you can replace the coconut cream with fresh coconut milk. Maybe if you squeezed some fresh milk and then let it sit for a while in the fridge, you could skim off the cream. You might also be able to make a thick cream from Maggie coconut milk powder, but I have not tried it yet. I used canned coconut cream. The dark soya sauce give the sauce a bit of colour. Contrary to what you might think dark soya sauce has a lower sodium content than the light variety. Adjust the chilli powder to your taste. 

Bring the sauce to a boil over medium heat (about 5 minutes) and then reduce the heat to the lowest setting possible and simmer for about 10 minutes. 

By now the eggplant has probably been sitting for long enough. Wipe off the moisture that has formed on the top of the cut surface with a paper towel and try to take some of the salt off too. You don't need to get all the salt off because there won't be anymore salt added. Just the excess that fell on the baking tray and that sticks to your paper towel and hands.

If your grill needs to be pre-heated now is the time to put it on (a Foreman grill won't work because it will squash the eggplant).

Now with a very sharp knife score the top of the eggplant as show in the photograph below. Don't cut all the way through to the skin, but go deep enough so that the spices get inside and so that it cooks quicker.

Place the eggplants cut side up on a baking tray that can be used under a grill and brush the cut surface with oil. Then take a pinch of turmeric and sprinkle a tiny bit on each cut surface. Do the same with the ground cumin. Note that there is more cumin than turmeric so you should put twice as much cumin as turmeric. Finally crack some fresh black pepper on top and sprinkle with chilli pieces if desired.  

Flip the eggplant over and oil the skin sides of the eggplant.

Put the fruit under the grill at 240 C for 2 minutes or until golden brown. If the fruit is too close to the heat the skin will burn, which has it's own taste but might not be what you are looking for. I had mine on the second level from the top. 

Flip the eggplant and continue to grill for another 8 minutes. If your eggplants are not getting nice and golden on the top, but they are cooked, move the baking tray closer to the heat source. Keep a sharp eye out to make sure you don't burn them.

Reheat the sauce while the eggplant is cooking so it can be served hot.

Remove the eggplant from the grill and serve immediately with the coconut/miso sauce. 

You can sprinkle some finely chopped mint either on the eggplant (if you are serving the sauce on the side) or after pouring the sauce on the eggplant. 

Or you could cook them till they are just cooked and then put them back under the grill just before serving to brown the tops. Reheat the sauce, adding a bit more coconut cream if it has dried out, and serve hot. 

Here is a shorter version to use when cooking https://docs.google.com/document/d/1DgJXRfl66SHnFnMRu5S3xvAP8cbqOMmGMDFnXVNoOSE/edit?usp=sharing

Stuffed Hokkaido Pumpkin

 I first ate a stuffed Hokkaido pumpkin at my Georgian friends place. It was so delicious that I stole the recipe from her and made my own. Unfortunately it didn't taste anything as delicious as my friends. I was so sad, but I blamed it on the fact that her pumpkin was organically grown, with love, in her own garden. Thereafter I lost the recipe, but every year since then, when the shelves were brimming with Hokkaido's during the fall, I craved for a stuffed pumpkin. So for the last few years I've been experimenting with stuffing pumpkins. This year I finally perfected my recipe 😁. We've been so busy eating it that there was no time to post it! I hope you'll still have some pumpkins left on the shelf.

Preparation time: 1.5 hours; serves 2

Ingredients:

1	Organic Hokkaido pumpkin (about 20 cm diameter)
1 tsp.	Minced garlic
1/2 tsp.	Salt
1 tbsp.	Olive oil
200 g	Feta or similar (I use a cheese based on cows milk)
1/2	Vegetable cube
1/2 cup	Couscous
1/2 cup	Coarsely chopped walnuts
1/4 cup	Dried cranberries, coarsely chopped
3/4 cup	Hot water
1 tbsp.	Chopped cilantro

Method:

Pre-heat your oven to 180 C (fan oven) [200 C convection].

Cutting and cleaning out the pumpkin is probably the most time consuming and difficult part of the this recipe. You'll need a very strong and sharp knife to cut open the top. See the picture below. Take great care  while doing this. Cut the hole big enough so that you can fit your hand in later to scrape out some of the insides. 

Put the minced garlic, salt and olive oil into the pumpkin and coat the surface well. Don't forget to coat the inside of the lid. 

I've found that Hokkaido pumpkins tend to split in the oven. This is a bit annoying because one of the nice things about the dish is that it looks really good. So if it splits and falls to pieces, well what was the use? Because of this I've taken to wrapping the bottom part of the pumpkin with aluminium foil. Sometimes before I bake it and some times after. However, wrapping with foil is not essential, it's just to keep the pumpkin together. 

Put your pumpkin on a baking tray (this is essential) and bake for 15-20 minutes or until the flesh of the pumpkin is soft enough to scoop out. This will not only depend on the size of your pumpkin but also on how thick it is. 

While the pumpkin is baking you can get the other ingredients ready. Coarsely chop the walnuts and cranberries (if they are too large that is). Cube the feta cheese and finely chop the cilantro.

Once the pumpkin is baked remove it from the oven and scrape out some of the flesh (about 1/2 to 1 cup). Be careful to leave enough flesh so that the pumpkin retains it's shape. If the flesh is hard you can cut it into small cubes, if not it will just break up when you mix things together. Now place all dry ingredients in a bowl and mix. 

Pour in the hot water, mix everything together and then stuff the pumpkin with the mixture. 

Put on the lid and bake for a a further 15 minutes.

You can serve this as a side or a main dish. We like it with a bit of crusty bread and a salad.

Vegetarian Phyllo Pie

After attempting to make some Turkish cigars I had some left over phyllo pastry. I also happened to have a lot of mushrooms and an urge to eat pie (despite the temperatures outside being 30℃!). The pie filling was very photogenic and my tummy was rumbling even before I had put it in the pie. Definitely a keeper since it tastes as good as it looks.

PS. You could use a basic dough or use my pot pie filling with the phyllo dough.

Preparation time: 90 minutes; Serves 2-4

Ingredients

250 g	Brown mushrooms
350 g	White mushrooms
1 medium	Red onion
1 tbsp.	Oil
250 g	Potatoes, peeled
1 tsp.	Minced garlic
180 g	Vegan sausages
2 tbsp.	Fresh oregano, finely chopped
1 tsp.	Fresh thyme leaves
1 tbsp.	Flour
8 leaves	Swiss chard (Mangold)
1 tbsp.	Olive oil
	Salt & pepper

Method:

Wash your mushrooms and either slice them into 4 or quarter them. I've heard you should not wash your mushrooms but I always do because they are always dirty. Cut your onion. You can either dice it or slice it finely. I sliced mine in this instance. Heat the oil in a heavy bottomed frying pan on high heat. When frying mushrooms I always like to use a cast iron pan. It makes the mushrooms brown and caramelises the red onions better. Also using high heat seals in the liquid which makes them taste really good. When the oil is hot add the onions and stir fry for about 1 minute. Next add the mushrooms, sausages and garlic continue to fry stirring occasionally until all the mushrooms are browned (they might not brown if you use a non-stick pan so go for cooked instead). This could take up to 5 minutes. When they are done remove from the heat. 

While your mushrooms are cooking prepare the potatoes by peeling and cutting them into large dice (around 2.5 cm). Boil the potatoes. They should be cooked but not break to pieces because they are going to be cooked again and you don't want them to turn to mush. During the time that the potatoes are boiling, and after the mushrooms are done (else you may burn the mushrooms!), wash and roughly chop the Swiss chard. You can use the stems in the recipe too. Drain the potatoes and add them to the mushrooms. Add salt, pepper, oregano, thyme and Swiss chard, sprinkle the flour on top and then mix everything together.  It is important to sprinkle the flour on top so that it doesn't clump. The flour is to bind together the juices from the mushrooms and chard forming a thick sauce. Return to the cooker on medium heat and continue to carefully turn things over until the chard is cooked (i.e. is limp). 

Put your oven on at 180 ℃ for a fan oven or 200 ℃ for a convection oven.

Now you can concentrate on putting the phyllo dough together. I used store bought dough that was pre-cut to a triangle, but you could use any shape you like and be creative when lining your pan. I used an approx. 20 cm diameter stoneware soufflé dish. Brush your dish with olive oil. Then brush a sheet of dough with olive oil. Make a very thin coating. I found the best way to do this was to use my fingers. I first applied the dough with my brush and then distributed it with my fingers. Line the pan with dough. Make sure there is plenty of overlap and plenty extra to wrap over the top. Each new piece you add to the pie should be coated with olive oil. If you prefer a thicker crust just use more layers of dough, especially if you want to take it out of the pan to serve it. 

Pour in the filling and top it off with some extra dough with not so thin layers of olive oil! 

Bake at 180 ℃ for 30 minutes.

French Toast

I was first introduced to French toast by one of my boy friends. He was studying abroad and on one of his trips back home he requested "French toast". I personally had never heard of it until then! But he showed me how to make it and ever since then I've been making it. The smell of hot butter, cinnamon and melted sugar is comforting and Christmassy and puts everyone in a good mood.

Serve it as a side for your next Sunday brunch or try it out as a snack. If you are a light eater then just have a few slices for breakfast smothered in maple syrup.

Preparation time: 40 minutes; serves 3  (i.e. approx. 7 slices)

Ingredients:

5	Eggs, large
2 tbsp.	Milk
1/4 tsp.	Salt
7 slices	Sandwich bread (i.e. white, rectangular, spongy)
1/2 tsp.	Ground cinnamon
1 tbsp.	Sugar
50 g	Butter

Method:

These are super easy to make however please make sure you have a cast iron frying pan for the best results. You'll also need paper towels.

Basically all you do to begin with is to make a batter like for scrambled eggs or omelettes. So beat together the eggs, milk and salt. If you like you can add some freshly ground pepper and more salt if you like salty.

Cut your butter into cubes. This makes it easier to portion. It would have been great if I had 7 cubes but 8 was just so much easier! Note that you might not need all 8!

If you like you can cut off the crusts of your bread. I don't like to waste food and find that the crusts help make the soggy bread easier to handle so I always keep the crusts on. Cut your bread diagonally down the middle.

You can also use any kind of sugar, but I advise a smaller grain. The smaller grain will stick to the bread better and you'll have less sugar falling into the frying pan i.e. less clean up. Make sure you have proper cinnamon. The best, of course, is Sri Lankan cinnamon and freshly ground is so much more flavourful than the pre-ground stuff that you buy in the supermarket.

Heat your pan on medium-high and while it's heating start soaking your first slices of bread. My pan fits 3 pieces at a time. You should figure out how many you can fit in your pan so that you don't soak the bread for too long. We don't like our French toast to be soggy so I don't let the bread soak for too long. Just enough that all surfaces are coated. I achieve this by fully immersing the bread into the egg mixture. Leaving it in for about 10 seconds and then removing it. My bread is rather fluffy so also if I soak it for too long the bread falls to pieces.

Once the pan is hot enough add a cube of butter. Now we always have the problem of what is hot enough. In this case the butter should start melting as it hits the pan, but it shouldn't turn brown i.e. burn. If it does burn you should tip out the butter and wipe the pan out with a paper towel and after letting the pan cool a bit, try again. Once the butter has melted and covered the surface carefully place the egg soaked bread into the pan. Sprinkle a pinch (with 3 fingers) of sugar and a pinch (with 2 fingers) of cinnamon on to each slice. You can add more or less of sugar and cinnamon depending on your taste. Once the bottom is cooked, golden brown (lift up with a spatula to inspect the underneath surface) flip and cook the other side.

Here are some things to pay attention to:

• at some point your pan will be too hot and the butter will start burning. Reduce the heat, tip out any burnt butter and wipe out the pan. 
• the sugar may burn on your pan. This will cause subsequent toasts to turn black. Wipe out any residue sugar with a paper towel.
• add a cube of butter when ever the pan dries out, i.e. is not oily

Also note that you can use regular oil to make French toast, it just does not taste as good. 

Enjoy your toast by itself or with maple syrup or anything else that calls to you.

P.S. It's probably really good with bacon, but we are vegetarian and can't get vegetarian bacon in Germany :(

Persian Omelette (Spinach and Potato Omelette)

Well now it is time for another one of those easy delicious meals. Fresh spinach seems to have become more available and less dirty. I remember using only fresh spinach in  the USA and not liking to cook with it, even though it was a favourite. It always took me so long to get all the sand out. And I do quite plainly remember that when we first came to Germany the spinach was equally as gritty. Thus I switched over to frozen spinach, but as I've said before nothing beats the fresh stuff. So if you have the time use fresh spinach to make this omelette. If you don't, it's still worth making it, because as my teenager said last night "This is really good" and I was using frozen spinach!

Preparation time: 3/4 hour; serves 2-4

Ingredients:

450 g	Fresh spinach OR
225 g	Frozen spinach
225 g	Potatoes
3 tbsp.	Oil
50 g	Onion
4	Eggs
1/2	Organic lemon
	Salt and pepper

Method:

First and foremost note that the preparation time does not include cleaning the fresh spinach. Depending on the state of it you can add on between 5 and 30 minutes!

Secondly note that this used to be plenty for the four of us but that was a while ago. Yesterday we ate it with a loaf of bread and it was enough food, but if this is all you are serving for a person with a normal appetite you may only get 2 portions out of it. You can also use it as a starter, in which case you should get 8 small servings. Another idea would be to cut it into cubes, stick tooth picks in it and serve it as finger food.

And a small third note before you get started. You need a lid for your frying pan. If you don't have one fashion one out of aluminium foil before you get started.

Fresh spinach: put the clean and still wet spinach into a pot with a lid and cook on medium for about 5 minutes or until the spinach is tender.

Frozen spinach: put in the microwave for 1 minute. Check if it is defrosted, if not put it in for another minute. Continue until the spinach is defrosted. The good thing about this recipe is that you don't mind if the spinach is cooked, or how well it is cooked. So you don't have to waste your time using the defrost setting of your microwave. If you do use the defrost setting you will be adding on a considerable amount of time to the preparation time.

While your spinach is cooking/defrosting you can peel and dice your potatoes and onions. The smaller you dice your potatoes the quicker they will cook and the better the omelette will hold together when cut. I cut mine really fine, maybe about 2-3 mm dice. ("Dice" just means cut into cubes.) The onions you can cut a bit larger.

By now the spinach is either cooked or defrosted. You now have to squeeze out as much water as possible. I use the method of squeezing it between two plates. It works especially well if your spinach is hot, as is the case in this recipe, because you don't have to touch it. Place all the spinach on a regular sized plate. Put an identical plate on top of it. The second plate should NOT be upside down. Put it in the same orientation as if you were stacking the plates for storage. Then hold the plates over the sink, perpendicular to the ground, and squeeze hard. I shake mine a bit to get the excess liquid out faster.

You can now let your spinach stand for a bit while you finish dicing the onions and the potatoes. Once you are done dicing them put a heavy bottomed frying pan or skillet on the cooker on medium high and add 2 tbsp. oil. Once the oil is hot add the potatoes and fry for 5 minutes. To make them evenly brown you will need to stir them every now and then. After 5 minutes add the onions and continue to fry until the potato is just tender. Here again, how long this takes will depend on the size of your dice.  For me it took 5 minutes but it could take up to 10 (unless you have REALLY large dice!). Remove from the heat and set aside.

Now while the potatoes and onions are frying it's the perfect opportunity to finely chop the spinach and put the rest of the omelette together.

In a large bowl lightly beat the eggs. Then grate the rid of half of the lemon and add it to the eggs. Because you are using the rind you have to check carefully if the rind is suitable to eat. If it is organic it probably is, hence I try to always use organic lemon. But even some non-organic lemons have a note on them saying that the rind can be eaten. If you use non-organic ones and it does not say anything I would be cautious and not use the rind. Then add the juice of half the lemon, the spinach and salt and pepper to taste. Mix everything well and then add the fried potato and onion and mix.

If you like, once the omelette is cooked you can put it under a grill to make the top a bit brown. If you want to do this make sure that for the next step you use a frying pan or skillet that can be put under the grill. If you don't have such a frying pan, don't fret you can just leave the grill out altogether. It will do nothing to the taste.

Heat your frying pan over medium heat and add the oil if necessary. If you use the same pan that you used to fry the potatoes it is highly likely that you have enough oil in the pan. I usually do. Once the oil is hot add the mixture. Put a lid on the frying pan. If you don't have a lid cover it with foil. Cook gently until the egg is just set i.e. no longer soggy. The bottom of the omelette should not burn if you keep the heat on medium. It takes 10-15 minutes to set.

If you like you can now stick the whole thing under the grill to brown the top.

I served this with a fresh loaf of pumpkin seed bread and salted butter. It was a hit! But you could also serve it with a salad.

Enjoy!

Rosemary garlic focaccia

I am horrible at making bread. I think it is because my hands are too cold. However I'm not complaining because this means that its really easy for me to make pastry and truffles. But this focaccia comes out perfect every time. Nowadays I use the kneading hook on my kitchen machine, but when I first started making this I didn't have anything but my hands to knead the dough and it still came out well. So if bread is not your thing you should totally try this recipe out.

I traditionally make this focaccia to eat with my butternut squash soup and we have olive oil and salt on the side to dip it in, but it's great with a salad or just on its own as a snack. It's also very versatile. So although I make mine with rosemary and garlic you could top it with all the normal foccacia toppings (sun dried tomatoes, onions, roasted garlic and herbs come to mind).

Preparation time: 3 hours (includes rising time); makes 1 15" by 10" loaf 

Ingredients:

3 cups/12 oz/340 g	Flour (wheat or all purpose)
1.5 tbsp	Sugar
1 pkt.	Dry yeast
2 tsp.	Salt
1 tsp.	Garlic granules
1 sprig	Rosemary (about 10 cm long)
3/4 cup/175 ml	Water
1/4 cup/60 ml	Milk
1 tbsp./1/2 oz/16 g	Butter
1 1/2 tbsp.	Olive oil
	Rock salt
	Rosemary
2 tbsp.	Parmesan

Method:

In a large bowl combine 1.25 cups/175 g of flour with the sugar, dry yeast and salt. Put the water, milk and butter in a heatproof jug and heat in the microwave for around 40 seconds. Stir until all the butter has melted. Heat it a little more if it does not melt. You want the liquid to be around 130 F/55 C. Too much deviation either up or down will kill the yeast and the dough won't rise.

Add to the flour and beat either with a hand mixer or the paddle attachment of a kitchen machine. Beat for 2 minutes on medium. Add garlic granules and finely chopped rosemary. If you don't have garlic granules you can add freshly made garlic paste. I don't use the garlic paste from the jar because I find it tastes weird, but it's a matter of taste and it can definitely save you time!

Once everything is combined add 1/4 cup of flour at a time and mix in. I keep using the mixer blade until it feels like it's strained then I switch to my dough hook. It you don't have a dough hook turn your dough out on to a lightly floured surface and knead the rest of the flour in. Once all the flour is incorporated start kneading, either with your dough hook or by hand. Knead for 8-10 minutes until it's smooth.

Then find a large bowl and lightly oil the inside. You need to cover it with something. I would suggest clingwrap or a plate.  The dough will rise so if you feel like it will hit the top you should oil this too.

Allow to rise for 45-60 minutes.

Dust a 15" by 10" baking sheet with flour. This is a US recipe hence the size. Metric equivalent would be 38 by 25 cm or use a pan with an area of 950 cm². Of course since it is bread you can use any sized tray and just roll it out to the above dimensions. Put the dough on the baking sheet and using a rolling pin roll it so that the dough fills the pan. Now you need to let it rise again. Since I never have a food safe plastic bag big enough to put over the dough I cover the dough with a clean kitchen towel and then put it in a big trash bag! Allow the dough to rise for a further 30 minutes.

Heat a fan oven to 180 degrees Celsius (convection oven 400 F or 200 C).

Now unwrap the dough and make indentations at 5 cm intervals with the handle of a wooden spoon or any other small round object (I use the handle of my rolling pin). Brush the top of the dough with the olive oil and sprinkle on the salt, chopped rosemary and Parmesan, or with whatever tickles your fancy!

Bake for 15 mins. or until top is golden.

Here is a printable version.